Design of Liquid Retaining Concrete Structures By J.P. Forth and A.J. Martin (KEBDB0003)

Design of Liquid Retaining Concrete Structures

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Scope

1.2 General design objectives

1.3 Fundamental design methods

1.4 Codes of practice

1.5 Impermeability

1.6 Site conditions

1.7 Infl uence of execution methods

1.8 Design procedure

1.9 Code requirements (UK)

Chapter 2 Basis of design and materials

2.1 Structural action

2.2 Exposure classification

2.3 Structural layout

2.4 Infl uence of construction methods

2.5 Materials and concrete mixes

2.5.1 Reinforcement

2.5.2 Concrete

2.6 Loading

2.6.1 Actions

2.6.2 Partial safety factors

2.7 Foundations

2.8 Flotation

Chapter 3 Design of reinforced concrete

3.1 General

3.2 Wall thickness

3.2.1 Considerations

3.2.2 Ease of construction

3.2.3 Structural arrangement

3.2.4 Shear resistance of reinforced concrete

3.2.5 Deflection

3.3 Cracking

3.4 Calculation of crack widths due to fl exure

3.4.1 Stress limitations in the concrete and steel

3.4.2 Flexural cracking

3.4.3 Comparison of Expression 7.9 (EC2 Part 1) with Expression M1 (EC2 Part 3)

3.5 Strength calculations

3.6 Calculation of crack widths due to combined tension and bending (compression present)

3.6.1 Defi ning the problem

3.6.2 Formulae

3.7 Detailing

3.7.1 Spacing and bar diameter

3.7.2 Anchorage and Laps

Chapter 4 Design of prestressed concrete

4.1 Materials

4.1.1 Concrete

4.1.2 Prestressing tendons

4.1.3 Prestress losses

4.1.4 Overall prediction of prestress loss ΔPc+s+f

4.2 Precast prestressed elements

4.2.1 Proprietary systems

4.2.2 Precast roof slabs

4.3 Cylindrical prestressed concrete tanks

4.3.1 Actions

4.3.2 Base restraint

4.3.3 Vertical design

Chapter 5 Distribution reinforcement and joints: Design for thermal stresses and shrinkage in restrained panels

5.1 Cracking due to different forms of restraint in reinforced concrete

5.1.1 Internal restraint

5.1.2 External restraint

5.2 Causes of cracking

5.2.1 Short-term movements

5.2.2 Long-term movements

5.3 Crack distribution

5.3.1 Minimum reinforcement area

5.3.2 Crack spacing

5.3.3 Crack widths

5.3.4 Surface zones

5.4 Joints

5.4.1 Construction joints

5.4.2 Movement joints

Chapter 6 Design calculations

6.1 Design of pump house

6.1.1 Introduction

6.1.2 Key assumptions

6.1.3 Limitations of design approach

6.2 Calculation sheets

Chapter 7 Testing and rectification

7.1 Testing for watertightness

7.2 Defi nition of watertightness

7.3 Water tests

7.4 Acceptance

7.5 Remedial treatment

Chapter 8 Vapour exclusion

8.1 The problem

8.2 Design requirements

8.3 Assessment of site conditions

8.4 Barrier materials

8.4.1 Mastic asphalt membranes

8.4.2 Bonded sheet membranes

8.4.3 Cement-based renders

8.4.4 Liquid applied membranes

8.4.5 Geosynthetic (bentonite) clay liners

8.5 Structural problems

8.5.1 Construction methods

8.5.2 Layout

8.5.3 Piled construction

8.5.4 Diaphragm and piled walls

8.6 Site considerations

8.6.1 Workmanship

8.6.2 Failure

8.6.3 Services

8.6.4 Fixings

Design of Liquid Retaining Concrete Structures