Tall building structures Analysis and Design – Bryan Stafford Smith (KENCT0003)

Tall building structures Analysis and Design, CONTENTS:

1. Tall Buildings

1.1       Why Tall Buildings?

1.2       Factors Affecting Growth, Height, and Structural Form

1.3       The Tall Building Structure

1.4       Philosophy, Scope, and Content

1.5       Raisons D’Etre Reference

2. Design Criteria

2.1       Design Philosophy

2.2       Loading

2.3       Strength and Stability

2.4       Stiffness and Drift Limitations

2.5       Human Comfort Criteria

2.6       Creep, Shrinkage, and Temperature Effects

2.7       Fire

2.8       Foundation Settlement and Soil-Structure Interaction Summary

3. Loading

3.1       Gravity Loading

3.1.1    Methods of Live Load Reduction

3.1.2    Impact Gravity Loading

3.1.3    Construction Loads

3.2       Wind Loading

3.2.1    Simple Static Approach

3.2.2    Dynamic Methods

3.3       Earthquake Loading

3.3.1    Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure

3.3.2    Modal Analysis Procedure

3.4       Combinations of Loading

4. Structural Form

4.1       Structural Form

4.1.1    Braced-Frame Structures

4.1.2    Rigid-Frame Structures

4.1.3    Infilled-Frame Structures

4.1.4    Flat-Plate and Flat-Slab Structures

4.1.5    Shear Wall Structures

4.1.6    Wall-Frame Structures

4.1.7    Framed-Tube Structures

4.1.8    Outrigger-Braced Structures

4.1.9    Suspended Structures

4.1.10  Core Structures

4.1.11  Space Structures

4.1.12  Hybrid Structures

4.2       Floor Systems—Reinforced Concrete

4.2.1    One-Way Slabs on Beams or Walls

4.2.2    One-Way Pan Joists   and Beams

4.2.3    One-Way Slab on Beams and Girders

4.2.4    Two-Way Flat Plate

4.2.5    Two-Way Flat Slab

4.2.6  Waffle Flat Slabs

4.2.7    Two-Way Slab and Beam

4.3       Floor Systems—Steel Framing

4.3.1    One-Way Beam System

4.3.2    Two-Way Beam System

4.3.3    Three-Way Beam System

4.3.4    Composite Steel-Concrete Floor Systems Summary

5. Modeling for Analysis

5.1       Approaches to Analysis

5.1.1    Preliminary Analyses

5.1.2    Intermediate and Final Analysis

5.1.3    Hybrid Approach to Preliminary and Final Analyses

5.2       Assumptions

5.2.1    Materials

5.2.2    Participating Components

5.2.3    Floor Slabs

5.2.4    Negligible Stiffnesses

5.2.5    Negligible Deformations

5.2.6    Cracking

5.3       High-Rise Behavior

5.4       Modeling for Approximate Analyses

5.5       Modeling for Accurate Analysis

5.6       Reduction Techniques

5.6.1    Symmetry and Antisymmetry

5.6.2    Two-Dimensional Models of Nontwisting Structures

5.6.3    Two-Dimensional Models of Structures That Translate and Twist

5.6.4    Lumping

5.6.5    Wide-Column Deep-Beam Analogies

6. Braced Frames

6.1       Types of Bracing

6.2       Behavior of Bracing

6.3       Behavior of Braced Bents

6.4       Methods of Analysis

6.4.1    Member Force Analysis

6.4.2    Drift Analysis

6.4.3    Worked Example for Calculating Drift by Approximate Methods

6.5       Use of Large-Scale Bracing

7. Rigid-Frame Structures

7.1       Rigid-Frame Behavior

7.2       Approximate Determination of Member Forces Caused by Gravity Loading

7.3       Approximate Analysis of Member Forces Caused by Horizontal Loading

7.4       Approximate Analysis for Drift

7.4.1    Components of Drift

7.4.2    Correction of Excessive Drift

7.4.3    Effective Shear Rigidity (GA)

7.5       Flat Plate Structure—Analogous Rigid Frame

7.5.1    worked Example

7.6       Computer Analysis of Rigid Frames

7.7       Reduction of Rigid Frames for Analysis

8. Infilled-Frame Structures

8.1       Behavior of Infilled Frames

8.2       Forces in the Infill and Frame

8.2.1    Stresses in the Infill

8.2.2    Forces in the Frame

8.3       Development of the Design Procedure

8.4       Summary of the Design Method

8.5       Worked Example—Infilled Frame

9. Shear Wall Structures

9.1       Behavior of Shear Wall Structures

9.2       Analysis of Proportionate Wall Systems

9.2.1    Proportionate Nontwisting Structures

9.2.2    Proportionate Twisting Structures

9.3       Nonproportionate Structures

9.4       Behavior of Nonproportionate Structures

9.5       Effects of Discontinuities at the Base

9.6       Stress Analysis of Shear Walls

10. Coupled Shear Wall Structures

10.1     Behavior of Coupled Shear Wall Structures

10.2     Methods of Analysis

10.3     The Continuous Medium Method

10.4     Computer Analysis by Frame Analogy

10.5     Computer Analysis Using Membrane Finite Elements Summary

11. Wall-Frame Structures

11.1     Behavior of Symmetric Wall-Frames

11.2     Approximate Theory for Wall-Frames

11.3     Analysis by the Use of Graphs

11.4     Worked Example to Illustrate Approximate Analysis

11.5     Computer Analysis

11.6     Comments on the Design of Wall-Frame Structures

11.6.1  Optimum Structure

11.6.2  Curtailed or Interrupted Shear Walls

11.6.3  Increased Concentrated Interaction

12. Tubular Structures

12.1     Structural Behavior of Tubular Structures

12.1.1  Framed-Tube Structures

12.1.2  Bundled-Tube Structures

12.1.3  Braced-Tube Structures

12.2     General Three-Dimensional Structural Analysis

12.3     Simplified Analytical Models for Symmetrical Tubular Structures

13. Core Structures

13.1     Concept of Warping Behavior

13.2     Sectorial Properties of Thin-Walled Cores Subjected to Torsion

13.3     Theory for Restrained Warping of Uniform Cores Subjected to Torsion

13.4     Analysis by the Use of Design Curves

13.5     Worked Example to Analyze a Core Using Formulas and Design Curves

13.6     Computer Analyses of Core Structures

14. Outrigger-Braced Structures

14.1     Method of Analysis

14.1.1  Assumptions for Analysis

14.1.2  Compatibility Analysis of a Two-Outrigger Structure

14.1.3  Analysis of Forces

14.1.4  Analysis of Horizontal Deflections

14.2     Generalized Solutions of Forces and Deflections

14.2.1  Restraining Moments

14.2.2  Horizontal Deflections

14.3     Optimum Locations of Outriggers

14.4     Performance of Outrigger Structures

14.4.1  Optimum Locations of Outriggers

14.4.2  Effects of Outrigger Flexibility

14.4.3  “Efficiency” of Outrigger Structures

14.4.4  Alternative Loading Conditions Summary

15. Generalized Theory

15.1     Coupled Wall Theory

15.2     Physical Interpretation of the Deflection Equation

15.3     Application to Other Types of Bent

15.4     Application to Mixed-Bent Structures

15.5     Accuracy of the Method

15.6     Numerical Example

16. Stability of High-Rise Buildings

16.1     Overall Buckling Analysis of Frames: Approximate Methods

16.2     Overall Buckling Analysis of Wall-Frames

16.3     Second-Order Effects of Gravity Loading

16.3.1  The P-Delta Effect

16.3.2  Amplification Factor P-Delta Analysis

16.3.3  Iterative P-Delta Analysis

16.3.4  Iterative Gravity Load P-Delta Analysis

16.3.5  Direct P-Delta Analysis

16.4     Simultaneous First-Order and P-Delta Analysis

16.5     Translational-Torsional Instability

16.6     Out-of-Plumb Effects

16.7     Stiffness of Members in Stability Calculations

16.8     Effects of Foundation Rotation

17. Dynamic Analysis

17.1     Dynamic Response to Wind Loading

17.2     Dynamic Response to Earthquake Motions

17.3     Comfort Criteria: Human Response to Building Motions

18. Creep, Shrinkage, and Temperature Effects

18.1     Effects of Differential Movements

18.2     Designing for Differential Movement

18.3     Creep and Shrinkage Effects

18.4     Temperature Effects

Tall building structures Analysis and Design